How to Build a 3 Phase Calculator
A 3-phase power calculator determines voltage, current, and power in three-phase electrical systems. Electricians, electrical engineers, and industrial facility managers rely on it to size transformers, wire gauges, and circuit breakers correctly.
What is a 3 Phase Calculator?
Three-phase power is an AC system using three conductors carrying alternating currents offset by 120 degrees. This arrangement delivers constant power (unlike single-phase, which pulses), making it the standard for industrial motors and heavy equipment. Calculations differ depending on whether the load is wye (star) or delta connected, since line voltage and phase voltage relate differently in each configuration.
The Formula
Star (Wye) connection: Line Voltage = Phase Voltage × √3 Line Current = Phase Current P = √3 × V_line × I_line × cos(φ) Delta connection: Line Voltage = Phase Voltage Line Current = Phase Current × √3 P = √3 × V_line × I_line × cos(φ) Apparent Power (S) = √3 × V_line × I_line (in VA) Reactive Power (Q) = √3 × V_line × I_line × sin(φ) (in VAR)
Code Example
function calculate3Phase({ voltage, current, powerFactor, connection }) {
const sqrt3 = Math.sqrt(3);
const phi = Math.acos(powerFactor);
// Real power in watts
const realPower = sqrt3 * voltage * current * powerFactor;
// Apparent power in VA
const apparentPower = sqrt3 * voltage * current;
// Reactive power in VAR
const reactivePower = sqrt3 * voltage * current * Math.sin(phi);
// Phase values depend on connection type
const phaseVoltage = connection === 'wye' ? voltage / sqrt3 : voltage;
const phaseCurrent = connection === 'delta' ? current / sqrt3 : current;
return { realPower, apparentPower, reactivePower, phaseVoltage, phaseCurrent };
}How to Build It
- 1
Create inputs for line voltage, line current, power factor, and a wye/delta toggle
- 2
Implement the √3 relationships for both star and delta configurations
- 3
Calculate and display real power (W), apparent power (VA), and reactive power (VAR)
- 4
Add a power triangle visualization showing the relationship between P, S, and Q
- 5
Include a wire sizing reference table based on the calculated current and NEC standards
Key Features to Include
Toggle between wye (star) and delta configurations with automatic recalculation
Power triangle diagram showing real, apparent, and reactive power visually
Support for both balanced and unbalanced loads (per-phase current inputs)
Wire gauge recommendation based on calculated current and NEC/IEC tables
Unit conversion between watts, kilowatts, horsepower, and BTU/hr
Monetization Strategies
Freemium model with basic calculations free, NEC lookup tables and wire sizing behind a paywall
Electrical contractor lead generation (partner with panel and breaker suppliers)
Sell a companion mobile app for on-site calculations without internet
Offer a bulk calculation API for electrical design software integrations
Recommended Tech Stack
Frontend
React with an SVG-based power triangle diagram and unit conversion dropdowns
Backend
Client-side only. All formulas run in the browser with zero latency.
Hosting
Static site on Cloudflare Pages for fast global delivery
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